PORCUPINE
|  |
|---|
 It is found almost anywhere in Canada where there are trees. It spends much of its time in tall trees eating the bark and branches. This animal sleeps during the day in a hollow log or in a den under some rocks. The porcupine has more than one den. It may nest high up in a tree. size - 60 to 100 cm. (2-3 ft.)  credit: Mark Armstrong; courtesy of US BLM The porcupine has a small head, almost no neck, small eyes and ears and long thick brownish-coloured hairs. It waddles about on its short legs. The large flat paws and long claws are good for climbing trees. The hairs on its coat look soft but the hairs hide many barbed quills. It has strong bright orange-coloured teeth for chewing wood and seeds.  Robert Potts © 2001 California Academy of Sciences Porcupines do not shoot their quills at enemies. The animal arches its back and the quills stiffen when danger is near. The quills are attached loosely to the skin. If the enemy does not leave the porcupine alone, it smacks the attacker with its tail and leaves quills in the animal's face. The quills have tiny barbs (hooks) which make the quills difficult to remove. During winter storms the porcupine may stay in its den. It does not hibernate but comes out to find something to eat. The porcupine does not wander far from its home. Porcupines are good tree climbers. They have hard pads on their paws and long sharp claws so they can get a good grip on a tree trunk. Because porcupines are very short-sighted they must rely on sharp hearing and a keen sense of smell. Porcupines feed on tree bark, branches and pine needles in the winter. In spring porcupines eat the new green grass. In summer they eat roots, leaves, berries, seeds, nuts and flowers. Fishers (weasel-like animals) love porcupine meat. Although the fisher is small (cat size) it can flip over a porcupine and attack the soft unprotected stomach. Logging companies do not like porcupines because they eat the bark of trees and this can kill trees. In some areas the fisher has been brought in to control the number of porcupines. Other enemies of the porcupine are bobcats, bears, wolves, foxes and great horned owls. This animal has poor eyesight and moves slowly. They are often killed as they cross highways. Cars and trucks kill more porcupines than all other enemies put together. One baby is born in the spring. The baby is covered with long black hair and short quills that are soft. It can walk and is able to climb in less than a week. It will drink its mother's milk for about a month.
 photo courtesy of US Fish and Wildlife Service |
